This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the field by reviewing 113 articles and analyzing three key areas—materials, application of sizing technologies, and optimization—from 2018 to 2025. . This report describes development of an effort to assess Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) performance that the U. Key Performance Indicators (KPI s) such as return on investment (ROI), system efficiency, and capacity utilization must be meticulously analyzed. This guide covers the most critical. .
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