Risks of the wind-solar complementary industry for solar container communication stations

4 FAQs about Risks of the wind-solar complementary industry for solar container communication stations

What is the output shortage of wind-solar-hydro complementary system?

The output shortage of wind-solar-hydro complementary system mainly occurs in the two time periods: 1) the upper limit of regulation ability of the hydropower station is small in this time period, and 2) the output of wind or photovoltaic power is large in this time period.

What is the economic operation of wind-solar-hydro complementary system?

2.3. Economic operation of wind-solar-hydro complementary system considering multiple risks In this study, the economic operation is that the water consumption of hydropower station is minimum for complementing wind and PV output errors subject to the load demand.

How to reduce risks of wind-solar-hydro complementary system?

The economic operation model is established to minimize risks of wind-solar-hydro complementary system and water consumption of hydropower station. The two-layer nested approach, which combines a particle swarm optimization algorithm and dynamic programming, effectively solves the model to reduce risks of the wind-solar-hydro complementary system.

What are the risks of a hybrid energy system?

Overall, output shortage, power curtailment and spilled water are three main sources for risk in a hybrid energy system. Unfortunately, very few studies focus on the three risks in short-term operation of a hybrid energy system simultaneously.